Figure 16. Benefits and motivations associated with internationally recognized ISO 14001 certification, adapted and modified from Berthelot et. al., (2003, p. 49). Regarding adaptive management and environmental risk, a prominent contemporary example is the situation of rebuilding year class 2003 stocks of haddock being inadvertently taken as bycatch in the directed herring fishery in the New England region (see: Steele, 2005 pp. 30-32 available at http://www.nefmc.org). The “risk” is closure of the herring fishery prior to the total allowable catch (TAC) being taken because of regulatory zero tolerance of groundfish (haddock) bycatch. This “zero tolerance” was modified by a recommendation of the New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC) at their March (Newport, Rhode Island) scheduled meeting to request adaptive management “emergency action” of NOAA/NMFS. Emergency action regulations were promulgated by NOAA/NMFS allowing for the suspension of prohibition on possession of haddock with an incidental catch allowance of 1,000 lb. per vessel, per trip (see: Federal Register Vol. 70 (112) June 13, 2005 pp. 34055-34060). A bycatch cap of 270,000 lbs. on the total amount of observed and reported haddock of any size that could be landed under the haddock incidental possession allowance through December 10, 2005 was also enacted.
